Early self-control: The development of early self-control indexes and an exploration of changes in self-control from birth to 4.5 years.

Applying a developmental perspective, we want to understand how the presence of varying risk factors in the first 2 years of life create vulnerability for problematic outcomes at 54 mos and, at the same time, what factors across multiple domains (child, mother, partner, social/community, ethnicity) are associated with resilience in children exposed to high vulnerability, such that they avoid problematic outcomes despite their high risk status. Using GUiNZ we can pioneer an understanding of high risk exposure over time in early development and resilience in young children prior to entry into public schooling, and extend that to diverse groups in contemporary New Zealand.